There is inadequate access for emergency services in rural areas, inadequate public transport frequencies and route coverage, poor coordination, and other inefficiencies. Indeed, in many rural areas there is no public transport at all. All privately-controlled passenger transport must be effectively regulated and controlled.
A future transport policy must:. The majority will be unable to afford private transport and will be dependent upon public transport. Given the need for increased mobility and the cost and environmental impact of accommodating the private motorist, the future emphasis must be on the provision of safe, convenient, affordable public transport.
Commuters should be encouraged to use public transport, and should be actively discouraged from using cars via parking, access and fuel levies. The funds so raised must be used to directly benefit the provision of public transport. As a first priority, rail transport must be extended.
Bus lines must act as feeders to rail services, or as prime movers if rail is not available. The subsidisation of parallel services along a common route will be avoided. Rural areas require more frequent public transport and improved facilities, at affordable costs. However, the provision of primary road infrastructure must be directed towards and take cognisance of public transport needs. A hierarchy of modes should guide the financing of infrastructure improvements and payment of operating subsidies for public transport.
Travel modes should not compete. In rural areas, provincial governments and district councils must present transport plans, including extensive road building and road improvement.
Central government funds allocated to ameliorate this situation via education, enforcement and engineering have been negligible. Road safety must be given the priority it deserves. The transport authorities must be charged with the task of reducing accidents and must be given the funds to achieve that goal. The organisation should be accountable to the public and responsible for the provision, coordination and funding of all public transport and the infrastructure necessary for public transport in cooperation with the national public works programme.
The organisation should specifically address current problems such as uncoordinated tariff structures, duplication of services, and conflict as a result of different forms of ownership. Minimum norms and standards, policy frameworks and the format of transport plans for national, provincial, urban and rural areas should form an integral part of the responsibilities of this organisation. The MTAs could undertake local authority projects on an agency basis. The MTAs must be accountable to democratically elected metropolitan governments, and all transport projects must be in accord with metropolitan plans.
Funding for public transport would come both from central government and from local rates and taxes. The MTAs must be empowered to impose such levies and taxes as may be appropriate and the funds thus raised must be used primarily to promote public transport. Infrastructural development must, however, be extended through democratic consultations with various stakeholders.
Harmonisation of infrastructural, legal and operational aspects of regional Southern African transport must be considered a priority. Adequate public transport at off-peak hours, and security measures on late-night and isolated routes, must be provided.
Additional subsidies for scholars, pensioners and others with limited incomes will be considered. South Africa's apartheid policies, combined with the underregulated activities of local and transnational corporations, contributed to the degradation of environmental resources, including soil, water and vegetation.
They encouraged the misuse of fertilisers and pesticides. They placed workers' lives at severe risk because dangerous practices and substances were inadequately monitored mining in South Africa remains an extremely dangerous job. Poverty and environmental degradation have been closely linked.
In general, existing environmental policies allow inefficient and wasteful use of water, energy and raw materials, and high levels of air and water pollution. To achieve this, the government must work towards:. To accomplish this, procedures must be set in place which oblige decision-makers to demonstrate what environmental considerations they take into account when considering projects.
Measures such as land reform, provision of basic infrastructure, housing and targeted rural assistance including extension services , and the maintenance of food security should ultimately reduce pressure on the natural environment. It must make use of environmental auditing, with provision for public disclosure. It must monitor those activities of industry which impact on the environment.
The fishing stock must be managed in a way that promotes sustainable yield and the development of new species. The democratic government must assist people to have access to these resources. Legislative measures must be introduced to establish democratic structures for the management of sea resources.
South Africa has wide-ranging environmental legislation. However, responsibility for implementation is scattered over a number of departments Agriculture, Water Affairs and Forestry, Health, and Mineral Resources from national to local authority level. The Department of Environmental Affairs administers only a few of the relevant Acts. This has resulted in discrepancies, anomalies and ineffectiveness.
The South African legal system makes it difficult to obtain locus standi in the courts on environmental issues. It must legislate the right of access to information on environmentally harmful practices.
It must also require compulsory environmental impact assessments for all large-scale projects. It must establish an environmental ombuds and criminalise environmental offences. It must review and conform with international conventions and agreements on environmental issues. Strong provincial departments of Environmental Affairs must be established. A national Department of Environmental Affairs must ensure overall standards and financing of environmental protection. Such a body must facilitate the gathering, collation and publication of data on the environment.
It must also provide an interface between civil society and public agencies responsible for the environment and natural resources.
Many thousands of adults, especially the elderly, are hungry, and millions of people, young and old, live in constant fear of being hungry.
It must enhance the efficiency of marketing so that farmers receive good prices while consumers pay as little as possible. To that end, the government should curb the powers of marketing boards and monopolies, and review the effect of tariffs. These simple data will provide measures of food security in each area, measures which are essential both for health planning and for targeting relief, for instance during drought. More widely, South Africa currently lacks an early warning system which can alert central authorities to threats to food and water security.
The RDP should establish institutions to collect and monitor nutritional and other key socio-economic and agricultural data. The health care and social services that have developed are grossly inefficient and inadequate. There are, by international standards, probably enough nurses, doctors and hospital beds. South Africa spends R per capita per annum on health care. This is nearly 10 times what the World Bank estimates it should cost to provide basic public health services and essential clinical care for all, yet millions of our people are without such services or such care.
Health services are fragmented, inefficient and ineffective, and resources are grossly mismanaged and poorly distributed. The situation in rural areas is particularly bad. The aim is to ensure that all South Africans get infinitely better value for the money spent in this area, and that their mental, physical and social health improves both for its own sake and as a major contribution to increasing prosperity and the quality of life for all.
All of this will have a positive impact on health. Many other policies and programmes affect health, and their implications should be explored and considered. This must include both public and private providers of goods and services and must be organised at national, provincial, district and community levels.
All relevant legislation, organisations and institutions must be reviewed in order to redress the harmful effects of apartheid; encourage and develop delivery systems and practices that are in line with international norms and standards; introduce management practices that promote efficient and compassionate delivery of services, and ensure respect for human rights and accountability to users, clients and the public at large.
The NHA must develop national policies, standards, norms and targets, allocate the health budget, coordinate the recruitment, training, distribution and conditions of service of health workers, and develop and implement a National Health Information System. This must include providing secondary and tertiary referral hospitals, regulating private hospitals, running training facilities and programmes, evaluating and planning services, and any other support the districts may request.
The aim is to encourage high-quality, efficient services through decentralised management and local accountability. Each DHA must be responsible for the health of between , and , people in a defined geographical area. About DHAs will, between them, cover the whole country and their boundaries must, as far as possible, be the same as the new local government boundaries. Each DHA will be responsible for all primary health care services in its district, including independent general practitioners and community hospitals.
The DHA must have as much control over its budget as possible, within national and provincial guidelines. Each DHA must appoint a team, led by a District Health Manager and linked to a District Development Committee, to evaluate, plan and manage health services in the district, including management of the district health budget. The system must encourage the training, use and support of community health workers as cost-effective additional or alternative personnel. This emphasises community participation and empowerment, inter-sectoral collaboration and cost-effective care, as well as integration of preventive, promotive, curative and rehabilitation services.
Other strategies must include a charter of patients' rights that will be displayed in all health facilities; a Code of Conduct for health workers; a programme to promote gender balance in all categories of health workers; restructuring statutory bodies; support and supervision of staff at peripheral facilities and inter-sectoral structures at district, provincial and national levels. This must include better transport facilities and in-service training programmes for midwives and for traditional birth attendants.
Targets must include 90 per cent of pregnant women receiving antenatal care and 75 per cent of deliveries being supervised and carried out under hygienic conditions within two years. By , 90 per cent of deliveries should be supervised. These services must be free at government facilities by the third year of the RDP. In addition, there should be established the right to six months paid maternity leave and 10 days paternity leave. Breast-feeding must be encouraged and promoted, and the code of ethics on breast-milk substitutes enforced.
A more effective, expanded programme of immunisation must achieve a coverage of 90 per cent within three years. Polio and neonatal tetanus can be eradicated within two years. The government must ensure that appropriate information and services are available to enable all people to do this. Reproductive rights must be guaranteed and reproductive health services must promote people's right to privacy and dignity. Every woman must have the right to choose whether or not to have an early termination of pregnancy according to her own individual beliefs.
Reproductive rights must include education, counselling and confidentiality. Unless action is taken, substance abuse is likely to increase enormously. Abuse of these substances causes immense physical, mental and social damage and costs the country millions of rands each year. The RDP must aim to reduce greatly the present levels of substance abuse and to prevent any increase.
Comprehensive strategies to change behaviour must include education programmes, reduction of advertising and increasing the price of tobacco and alcohol. Strong penalties for major drug traffickers must be imposed. It must also increase access to relaxing environments such as recreational facilities.
This is not in the interests of people who use all types of healers. The RDP must aim to improve communication, understanding and cooperation between different types of healers. A programme to combat the spread of sexually transmitted diseases STDs and AIDS must include the active and early treatment of these diseases at all health facilities, plus mass education programmes which involve the mass media, schools and community organisations.
The treatment of AIDS sufferers and those testing HIV positive must be with utmost respect for their continuing contributions to society. Discrimination will not be tolerated. AIDS education for rural communities, and especially for women, is a priority. Access to services must be improved by the development of emergency response centres and appropriate transport and ambulance services, especially in rural areas. Particular attention must be given to protecting the health of the most vulnerable, including domestic, farm and commercial-sex workers.
Workers must have a say in the application of laws, through their health and safety committees. Workers should be given check-ups for major diseases in the workplace. Penalties for violation of occupational health standards must be stricter. Laws must conform to International Labour Organisation standards and other international standards, and unions and state agencies must be empowered to monitor and enforce safety and health standards.
An overhaul of workmen's compensation must include administrative restructuring to ensure swifter payment, increasing the coverage for permanently disabled workers to realistic levels, minimum benefit levels in support of low-wage workers, greater use of the compensation system to encourage better workplace health and safety standards, and a combined board to deal with preventive and compensatory aspects of worker safety and health.
A National Advisory Board on health technology should be established and should include representatives from all levels of the NHS.
The Advisory Board must develop appropriate and rational policies, devise a system of quality control, and advise on regulations governing the importation and use of expensive technologies.
This system must ensure that accurate and comparable data are collected from all parts of the health system, that data are analysed at health-facility, district, provincial and national levels, and that those collecting the data see it as a useful and interesting activity. Mechanisms must be established for sharing information between different programmes and sectors. This should increase consultation with patients, and should help to overcome the isolation and fragmentation of research efforts and to strengthen links between research, policy and action.
Special attention must be directed to health systems research in order to improve the effectiveness of health service delivery. This will require incentives to attract staff to underserviced especially rural areas and increased training of Community Health Workers and Environmental Health Officers. The aim is to train 25 per cent of district health personnel by the end of , and 50 per cent by the end of This must involve improving human resource planning and management systems; reviewing all training programmes; reviewing selection procedures, and developing new and often short training programmes to reorient existing personnel and to train new categories and auxiliary workers.
This must be done mainly by reallocating staff and budgets to district health services. An essential drugs list must be established to reduce the current wasteful expenditure on inappropriate drugs.
The present racially-based, discriminatory social welfare services are piecemeal responses. They have little impact on the root causes of social problems and on the disintegration of the social fabric. Social welfare includes the right to basic needs such as shelter, food, health care, work opportunities, income security and all those aspects that promote the physical, social and emotional wellbeing of all people in our society, with special provision made for those who are unable to provide for themselves because of specific problems.
There must be a comprehensive review of all the policies and legislation regulating social welfare and social security. In particular the National Welfare Act of , the Social Work Act of , and Acts dealing with child and family welfare must be changed. New umbrella legislation which provides the framework for a development-oriented social welfare system based on the principles of equality, equity, access, user involvement and empowerment, and public accountability must be developed.
Unnecessary bureaucratic procedures must be removed. Such departments must be responsible for the planning, coordination, regulation, provision and evaluation of social welfare and community development services required at provincial and district levels. The management and distribution of social services at provincial, district and community levels must fall within the provincial department's authority.
The national social security system must be designed to meet the needs of workers in both formal and informal sectors, and of the unemployed, through:. Social assistance in the form of cash or in-kind benefits should be given to those most at risk such social assistance could take the form of work opportunities in public works programmes; the provision of food, clothing and health care to those in need; cash in the form of disability grants, foster care grants, maintenance grants, or grants for veterans according to predetermined criteria.
Community-based and community-planned rehabilitation programmes must be encouraged to meet the needs of the disabled, and the democratic government must make adequate resources available for rehabilitation. The rights of children must be protected and measures must be taken to ensure that community-based and workplace care centres are provided for children in need of alternate care.
The RDP must ensure that immediate steps are taken to remove all children from prisons and police cells.
Alternate detention centres with proper health facilities, counselling and other support services must be provided for children. Special programmes protecting homeless children, especially those on the streets, must be put into place.
The existing pool of social service workers and their conditions of service must be reviewed. The present number of social workers approximately 7, is inadequate, and their training is often inappropriate. Many social workers must be reoriented and retrained within a developmental approach to social welfare. The national, provincial and local social welfare departments must have both specialised and generic social service personnel at management, middle-management and operational levels.
The curricula of social welfare and community development educational institutions must be reviewed. Within a five-year period a minimum of another 3, community development workers must be trained to work within provincial and local government structures to aid the process of prioritisation of community needs and allocation of resources.
Social service managers must be trained with due regard to the need for affirmative action. Inter-sectoral units on areas such as mental health, child care, women, and juvenile justice must be developed to plan and implement integrated strategies aimed at improving services to these target groups. In addition, the relationship between social welfare, health, community development and labour institutions and related sectors must be improved. First, the system is fragmented along racial and ethnic lines, and is saturated with the racist and sexist ideology and educational doctrines of apartheid.
Second, there is a lack of access or unequal access to education and training at all levels of the system. Vast disparities exist between black and white provision, and large numbers of people - in particular, adults and more especially women , out-of-school youth, and children of pre-school age - have little or no access to education and training. Third, there is a lack of democratic control within the education and training system.
Students, teachers, parents and workers are excluded from decision-making processes. It results in the destruction, distortion or neglect of the human potential of our country, with devastating consequences for social and economic development.
This is evident in the lack of career paths offered to workers and in the effect this has on worker motivation and the general productivity of the economy. And more importantly, apartheid education and its aftermath of resistance destroyed the culture of learning in large sections of our communities, leading, in the worst-affected areas, to a virtual breakdown of schooling and conditions of anarchy in relations between students, teachers, principals, and the education authorities.
People and communities were denied resources and facilities to develop their own cultural expression. High illiteracy rates, the lack of an effective educational system, and extreme poverty compounded this cultural deprivation. The state, special interest groups and wealthy South Africans promoted distorted culture in order to accommodate apartheid ideology and needs, with a bias toward Eurocentric high art.
Many of the youth are presently outside the socio-economic mainstream of the country. People are, and must remain, the architects of the RDP as it unfolds in the years to come.
The provision of opportunities for people to develop themselves in order to improve the quality of their own lives and the standard of living of their communities is a central objective of the RDP, alongside ensuring that basic needs are met, the society is democratised and the economy grows. It is a process in which the citizens of a nation acquire and develop the knowledge and skill necessary for occupational tasks and for other social, cultural, intellectual, and political roles that are part and parcel of a vibrant democratic society.
It must address the development of knowledge and skills that can be used to produce high-quality goods and services in such a way as to enable us to develop our cultures, our society and our economy. It must promote understanding, tolerance, and friendship among all South Africans and must advance the principles contained in the Bill of Rights. Education, training and development opportunities must be provided in accordance with national standards.
However, civil society must be encouraged to play an active part in the provision of learning opportunities as part of the national human resources development strategy.
For example, democratic school governance structures must be set up which involve democratically elected parent and teacher representatives, as well as providing for student participation at a consultative level.
Success in rebuilding and expanding education and training depends on having an effective and responsive organisation to manage change. The education and training bureaucracy must be reorganised at national, sectoral and provincial levels through the establishment of:. Girls and women are frequently denied education and training opportunities because they are female. Furthermore, girls and women are educated and trained to fulfil traditional roles which perpetuate their oppression.
Within all education and training programmes special attention must be given to the special interests of girls and women.
For example, adult basic education and training programmes should give special emphasis to women trapped in the rural areas. Campaigns and information should also open up a wider range of learning opportunities and choices for women, which in turn should lead to a wider range of income-generating forms of employment. Girls and women should be encouraged to pursue non-traditional subjects such as maths and science, for example.
However, in addition to these measures, special steps must be taken to give full recognition and value to the work and skills that are traditionally associated with women. Where appropriate these should be recognised within the national qualifications framework.
By establishing a national qualifications framework which integrates all elements of the education and training system, we must enable learners to progress to higher levels from any starting point. They must be able to obtain recognition and credits for qualifications and credits towards qualifications from one part of the system to another. The system must enable assessment and recognition of prior learning and skills acquired through experience. To this end, curricula should cut across traditional divisions of skills and knowledge.
This implies that if you had a house you would have received a benefit from the property when the marriage was terminated. If however this is not the case and you have lost everything, the MEC may after investigating your circumstances decide to give you a new subsidy should you qualify in all other respects. If I am still legally married but my husband and I live apart, could I apply for a subsidy? Under normal circumstances where a legal marriage was registered you as a married woman will not be able to enter into a contract and therefore you will not be able to apply for a subsidy in your own right.
You will have to reconcile with your husband or if this is not possible enter divorce proceedings to obtain competency to contract again. Yes, if you comply with other qualifying criteria you may apply. This means over 21 years of age or previously legally married.
It is illegal for the recipient of a subsidy house, now referred to as BNG house, to sell the house before they have lived in it for a minimum period of eight 8 years. Yet, experience shows that in many instances the houses are used to make quick money by unscrupulous individuals who sell them within the 8 year period. Alternatively recipients rent out the houses to be used as business premises, while the beneficiaries return to live in informal settlements.
While the minimum occupancy period may be adjusted from time to time, the current limitation is 8 years and, within this period a beneficiary may only re-sell the property back to the relevant Provincial Department of Human Settlements. This type of Voluntary sale occurs when a beneficiary, for whatever reasons, chooses not keep the subsidy house. In case I have already applied for a house, where can I do follow-up on my application?
It is always recommended that follow-up to be done at the office where application was done as they will have your file and they can talk to you about progress and any outstanding documents in your file. This also includes updating your contact details. When I become the owner of the subsidised house, what ownership papers do I get, and is the ownership registered on a government database? BNG houses are supposed to be larger than RDP houses, with two bedrooms, a separate bathroom with a toilet, shower and hand basin, a combined kitchen and living room area and electricity installation, where electricity supply is available in the township.
This housing programme is also aimed at households who earn less than R3, per month. CRU housing units are for rent and not for sale. This project is aimed at refurbishing inner-city buildings and hostels.
This programme tries to provide running water, sanitation, electricity and roads to informal settlements, but not necessarily houses. If your informal settlement receives UISP funding, you can later apply for housing construction assistance through other programmes. You cannot apply for UISP. After funding has been set aside, your community will be invited to come to planning meetings to determine the needs of your community.
Caution: This can be a difficult process. A lot of municipalities prefer to relocate entire informal settlements instead of upgrading it because getting engineering services into overcrowded informal settlements can be difficult. Put pressure on your ward councillors and municipal officials to ensure that the budget for UISP is used for upgrading your settlement.
If you earn more than R3, but less than R22, per month which is the minimum amount needed to qualify for a home loan from a bank , there are some state-driven housing initiatives that apply to you, such as Financed Linked Individual Subsidy Programme FLISP :.
FLISP helps people who qualify for a home loan to buy a house for the first time. FLISP gives you a grant which can be used to reduce the initial loan amount. This will make your monthly repayments lower. It can also be used as a deposit. The subsidy rates were amended in , so if you earn R15, a month, you can now qualify for a subsidy of R62,, compared to the previous amount of R20, If you earn R22, a month you can qualify for a subsidy of R27, FLISP grants can be used for both existing houses and to build a new one.
Besides getting approval for a home loan and earning between R3, and R22, per month, you must meet the same criteria as described for RDP houses above excluding needing to earn less than R3, To apply for a FLISP grant, you must first go to your bank or financial institution and apply for a home loan. For that you will need:. To qualify for a home loan you have to be over 21, have been employed for a minimum of six months, have no defaults on your credit profile and earn above the minimum salary requirement as decided by your chosen bank.
Agreement of sale for the property or building contract and approved building plan where applicable. Municipalities and provincial governments can subsidise companies to develop new housing projects if some of the houses are rented as affordable housing. This makes the building and planning of the projects cheaper, which makes rent lower.
Each municipality has to conduct an Integrated Development Plan every five years to see what the housing needs are. SHPs are mainly but not only for households earning between R3, and R7, per month. You can qualify even if you have benefited from other housing projects in the past, but you may not currently own property. Couples married or living together qualify, or single people with dependents.
Depending on the province and project, you may have to apply directly to the institution or company that is managing the SHP. It will have its own screening process. Note: All of the above programmes tend to be advertised during the Integrated Development Plan Forums, or otherwise they should be advertised at local housing offices. Sometimes your municipality or province will advertise online on their websites.
Keep a lookout for signs near new developments, or speak to your ward councillor about which projects are being planned. Initially written by Julia Chaskalson. Updated occasionally. In Khutsong, one person owns two RDP houses - has the approval letter for one and the title deed for the other.
In Wedela, the owner of the RDP is renting somewhere else while his house has been occupied by a person connected to an ANC councillor. My daughter applied for a house in but she still hasn't received it while people who applied after her have received houses. Thank you Guys for information you really open our eyes about what is happening about these houses. My Mother past away in we were both running up and down to check what is happening this Ziveze campaign but no answer.
What surprised me is this people who registered in got houses. I went to check, I was told to register myself again. Me and my family use to stay in Eersteriver. Renting a house. After the owner came and remove my family things started to happen. You can check your status either using an internet device or visit the closest human settlements department. After you have applied, you will receive proof of registration form C.
This form shows your application number and date. To check if your name status is on the provincial waiting list, take the form to the nearest Housing Provincial Office.
If your name appears on the record, then the process has begun. Alternatively, you can check your status by calling the main number -
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